Effective leadership doesn’t depend on charisma, but charisma does contribute to leadership effectiveness.
Research on charisma identified verbal and nonverbal charismatic leadership tactics:
- The use of metaphors to simplify messages, stir emotions, invoke symbolic meanings, and aid recall
- The use of stories and anecdotes to make messages memorable, and to encourage identification
- The articulation of moral convictions and shared sentiments to demonstrate alignment with the followers
- The setting of high expectations and communicating confidence in meeting these expectations
- The use of contrasts, lists and questions to create puzzles that require an answer or solution
- The use of body gestures, facial expressions, and an animated voice to demonstrate passion
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